The External Environment: Constraints and Challenges 74 The Economic Environment 75 The Demographic Environment 75 How the External Environment Affects Managers Management History 55 Early Management 56 Classical Approach 57 Behavioral Approach 6O Quantitative Approach 62 Contemporary ApproachesĬonstraints and Challenges for the Global Manager 70 The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? 72 The Omnipotent View 72 The Symbolic View 73 What Do Managers Do? 36 Management Functions 37 Mintzberg's Managerial Roles and a Contemporary Model of Managing 38 Management Skills 40 How Is the Manager's Job Changing? 41 Importance of Customers to the Manager's Job 42 Importance of Innovation to the Manager's Job 44 Importance of Sustainability to the Manager's Job 44 Why Study Management? 45 The Universality of Management 45 The Reality of Work 46 Rewards and Challenges of Being a Manager 46īoxed Features A Manager's Dilemma 32 BY THE NUMBERSĬhapter Summary by Learning Outcomes 48 Review and Discussion Questions 49 Preparing for: My Career 49 Case Application 1: More Than a Good Story 51 Case Application 2: Flight Plans 52 Who Is a Manager? 33 Where Do Managers Work? 34 ROBBINS San Diego State Universityīoston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyoįoundations of Management and Organizations 30 Why Are Managers Important? 32 Who Are Managers and Where Do They Work?